Using Computers to Construct Physics Understanding (CPU)
Dr. Patricia Heller, University of Minnesota, & Dr. Fred Goldberg,
San Diego State University
The CPU Project
The CPU Project has integrated computer software and innovative
pedagogical methods to support the creation of learning environments
envisioned in the National Science Education Standards. CPU has
developed laboratory and computer-based materials to support a learning
environment where learners take primary responsibility for developing
valid and robust knowledge in physics. Intended audiences are high
school physics and physical science students, and workshop and university
courses for in- service and preservice teachers. Materials and/or
software may also be appropriate for other university courses.
CPU Units and Pedagogy
Seven content units have been developed by the CPU Project: Light
and Color, Motion and Force, Sound and Waves, Static Electricity
and Magnetism, Current Electricity, Nature of Matter, and Underpinnings
(a science skills unit). The CPU units weave hands-on experiences
with computer-based simulation experiments throughout all of the
activities. Students also construct predictions and explanations,
and document experimental outcomes. The pedagogy is based on each
unit being divided into cycles, and each cycle comprised of an elicitation,
development and application phase.
CPU Software
The CPU learning process is supported by powerful software, including
a set of physics simulators that allows students to represent predictions,
and then provides phenomenological and model-based feedback. For
example, the Current Electricity simulator allows users to construct
simple circuits using batteries, bulbs, capacitors and more in both
realistic and schematic modes. Each bulb will "light up" with a
relative brightness that imitates its behavior in an actual circuit,
and the simulator provides additional feedback in the form of compass
readings, current arrows and coloring of circuit wires to represent
potential differences. Using a Light and Color simulator learners
can set up a source, screen and optical devices, predict the outcome
and draw a ray diagram. Learners can then run the simulator to see
what would actually be observed, and have available a ray diagram
generated by the simulator. Additional CPU software includes mechanisms
for students to type responses, draw sketches, and import information
from simulations into electronic activity sheets. The project has
also developed an electronic idea container that students use for
recording the evolution of their ideas. The use of technology affords
opportunities that are not available in a pencil and paper format.
However, units can be printed and used alone, or with a demonstration
computer and LCD panel.
CPU Workshops
The best way to learn more about the CPU units and software is
to attend a CPU workshop. Workshops are lead by twenty-five trained
CPU Leadership Teams. Two basic types of workshops are offered nationally
in a variety of settings and formats. Content workshops are ideal
for teachers who want to develop a better understanding of various
physics concepts. Implementation workshops focus on how to implement
the pedagogy, materials and software in appropriate classes. The
CPU website has current purchasing information and computer requirements.
Visit the CPU Website for
more information about the project, materials and workshops.
The Center for Applied
Research & Educational Improvement (CAREI) at the University
of Minnesota is in the process of evaluating the impact of CPU on
teachers and students. For more information on the evaluation contact
Douglas Huffman at CAREI.
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