Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare School of Social Work, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota

Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare

Research & Evaluation

Assessing Child Exposure to Adult Domestic Violence

Title IV-E Curriculum Module

Selected references for additional readings

This module is based on

Edleson, J.L., Ellerton, A.L., Seagren, E.A., Schmidt, S.O., Kirchberg, S.L. & Ambrose, A.T. (2006). Assessing child exposure to adult domestic violence. Manuscript submitted for publication. St. Paul, MN: University of Minnesota. (Available at http://www.mincava.umn.edu/link).

Selected Readings

Mohr, W.K. & Tulman, L.J. (2000). Children exposed to violence: Measurement considerations within an ecological framework. Advances in Nursing Science, 23, 59-68.

Stover, C.S. & Berkowitz, S. (2005). Assessing violence exposure and trauma symptoms in young children: A critical review of measures. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18, 707-717.

References

Adamson, J.L., & Thompson, R.A.  (1998). Coping with interparental verbal conflict by children exposed to spouse abuse and children from non-violent homes.  Journal of Family Violence, 13 (3), 213-232.

Appel, A.E. & Holden, G.W. (1998). The co-occurrence of spouse and physical child abuse: A review and appraisal. Journal of Family Psychology, 12, 578-599.

Carlson, B. E. (1984). Children's observations of interparental violence. In A. R. Roberts (Ed.), Battered women and their families, (pp. 147-167), New York: Springer.

Carlson, B.E. (2000).  Children exposed to intimate partner violence:  Research findings and implications for intervention.  Trauma, Violence, and Abuse, 1 (4), 321-342.

Dahlberg, L.L., Toal, S.B., & Behrens, C.B. (1998).  Measuring Violence-Related Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors Among Youths: A compendium of assessment tools.  Atlanta: Division of Violence Prevention: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 

Edleson, J.L. (1999a).  Children’s witnessing of adult domestic violence.  Journal of Interpersonal Violence 14 (8), 839-870.

Edleson, J.L. (1999b). The overlap between child maltreatment and woman battering. Violence Against Women, 5(2), 134-154.

Edleson, J.L. (2004).  Should childhood exposure to adult domestic violence be defined as child maltreatment under the law?  In Jaffe, P.G., Baker, L.L. & Cunningham, A. (Eds.) Ending Domestic Violence in the Lives of Children and Parents: Promising Practices for Safety, Healing, and Prevention (pp. 8-29). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

English, D.J., Edleson, J.L. & Herrick, M.E. (2005). Domestic violence in one state’s child protective caseload: A study of differential case dispositions and outcomes. Children and Youth Services Review, 27, 1183-1201.

Fantuzzo, J. W. &  Mohr, W. K. (1999). Prevalence and Effects of Child Exposure to Domestic Violence.  Future of Children, 9, (3), 21-32.

Feindler, E.L., Rathus, J.H., & Silver, L.B. (2003).  Assessment of Family Violence: A Handbook for Researchers and Practitioners. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Finkelhor, D. Hamby, S.L., Omrod, R. & Turner, H. (2005). The Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire: Reliability, validity and national norms. Child Abuse and Neglect, 29, 383-412.

Finkelhor, D., Ormrod, R., Turner, H., & Hamby, S.L. (2005).  The victimization of children and youth: A comprehensive, national survey.  Child Maltreatment, 10, 5-25.

Fox, N. A. & Leavitt, L. A. (1996).  Violence Exposure Scale for Children-Revised.  Philadephia:  University of Pennsylvania.

Ganley, A.L.& Schechter, S. (1996). Domestic violence: A national curriculum for child protective services. San Francisco, CA: Family Violence Prevention Fund.

Gewirtz, A. & Edleson, J.L. (In press). Young children’s exposure to adult domestic violence: Towards a risk and resilience framework for research and intervention. Journal of Family Violence.

Graham-Bermann, S.A.  (1996).  Family Worries:  The assessment of interpersonal anxiety in children from violent and nonviolent families.  Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 25 (3), 280-287.

Graham-Bermann, S.A. (2001). Designing intervention evaluations for children exposed to domestic violence: Applications of research and theory. In S. A. Graham-Bermann (Ed.) Domestic Violence in the Lives of Children, (pp. 237-267).  Washington, D.C:  American Psychological Association. 

Grych, J.H., Seid, M., &  Fincham, F.D. (1992).  Assessing marital conflict from the child’s perspective:  The Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale.  Child Development, 63, 558-572.

Grych, J.H., Jouriles, E.N., Swank, P.R., McDonald, R. & Norwood, W.D. (2000). Patterns of adjustment among children of battered women. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 84-94.

Hamby, S.L. & Finkelhor, D. (2001). Choosing and using child victimization questionnaires. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, US Department of Justice.

Hazen, A.L., Connelly, C.D., Kelleher, K., Landsverk, J. & Barth, R. (2004). Intimate partner violence among female caregivers of children reported for child maltreatment. Child Abuse and Neglect, 28, 301-319.

Hughes, H.M. & Luke, D.A. (1998). Heterogeneity in adjustment among children of battered women. In In G.W. Holden, R. Geffner & E.N. Jouriles (Eds.). Children exposed to marital violence (pp. 185-221). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Hughes, H. M., Graham-Bermann, S. A., &  Gruber, G. (2001). Resilience in children exposed to domestic violence. In S. A. Graham-Bermann (Ed.) Domestic Violence in the Lives of Children, (pp. 67-90).  Washington, D.C:  American Psychological Association. 

International Association of Chiefs of Police (1997). Family violence in America: Breaking the cycles for children who witness (Recommendations from the 1997 IACP Summit). Alexandria, VA: Author.

Jaffe, P.G., Lemon, N.K.D. & Poisson, S.E. (2003). Child custody and domestic violence.  Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Jouriles, E.N., MacDonald, R., Norwood, W.D. & Ezell, E. (2001). Issues and controversies in documenting the prevalence of children’s exposure to domestic violence. In S. A. Graham-Bermann (Ed.) Domestic Violence in the Lives of Children, (pp. 13=34).  Washington, D.C:  American Psychological Association. 

Kernic, M.A., Monary-Erensdorff, D.J., Koepsell, J.K. & Holt, V.L. (2005). Children in the cross-fire: Child custody determinations among couples with a history of intimate partner violence. Violence Against Women, 11, 991-1021.

Kitzmann, K.M., Gaylord, N.K., Holt, A.R. and Kenny, E.D. (2003). Child witnesses to domestic violence: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 339-352.

Kolbo, J. R. (1996). Risk and resilience among children exposed to family violence. Violence & Victims, 11 (2), 113-128.

Lehmann, P. (2000). Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and child witnesses to mother-assault: A summary and review. Children and Youth Services Review, 22, 275-306.

Margolin, G. (1998).  Effects of domestic violence on children.  In P. Trickett &  C. Shellenback (Eds),  Violence Against Children in the Family and the Community.  (pp 57-101).  Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Masten, A.S., Best, K.M. & Garmezy, N. (1990). Resilience and development: Contributions from the study of children who overcome adversity. Development and Psychopathology, 2, 425-444.

Masten, A.S. & Sesma, A. Jr. (1999). Risk and resilience among children homeless in Minneapolis. CURA Reporter, 29(1), 1-6.

Mohr, W.K. & Tulman, L.J. (2000). Children exposed to violence: Measurement considerations within an ecological framework. Advances in Nursing Science, 23, 59-68.

Nadel, H.; Spellman, M.; Alvarez-Canino, T.; Lausell-Bryant, L. & Landsberg, G. (1996). The cycle of violence and victimization: A study of the school-based intervention of a multidisciplinary youth violence-prevention program. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 12(5), 109-119.

O'Brien, M.; John, R.S.; Margolin, G.; Erel, O. (1994). Reliability and diagnostic efficacy of parents' reports regarding children's exposure to marital aggression. Violence & Victims. 9, 45-62.

O’Leary, K.D., Slep, A.M.S., & O’Leary, S.G. (2000). Co-occurrence of partner and parent aggression: Research and treatment implications. Behavior Therapy, 31, 631-648.

Osthoff, S. (2002). But, Gertrude, I beg to differ, a hit is not a hit is not a hit: When battered women are arrested for assaulting their partners. Violence Against Women, 8, 1521-1544.

Richters, J. E. &  Martinez, P. (1990). Things I Have Seen and Heard: An interview for young children about exposure to violence. Rockville, MD: Child and Adolescent Disorders Research Branch, National Institute of Mental Health.

Rossman, B. B. R. (2001).  Longer Term Effects of Children’s Exposure to Domestic Violence.  In S. Graham-Bermann (Ed.) Domestic Violence in the Lives of Children: The Future of Research, Intervention, and Social Policy (pp. 35-65).  Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.

Rossman, B.B.R., Hughes, H.M., & Rosenberg, M.S. (2000).  Children and interparental violence:  The impact of exposure.  Philadelphia, PA: Taylor and  Francis.

Rossman, B.B.R. & Rosenberg, M.S. (1992).  Family stress and functioning in children:  The moderating effects of children’s beliefs about their control over parental conflict.  Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 33, 699-715.

Saathoff, A.J. & Stoffel, E.A. (1999). Community-based domestic violence services. The Future of Children, 9,  97-110.

Sternberg, K.J., Lamb, M.E., Guterman, E. & Abbott, C.G. (2006). Effects of early and later family violence on children’s behavior problems and depression: A longitudinal, multi-informant study. Child Abuse and Neglect, 30, 283-306.

Straus, M.A., Gelles, R.J., & Steinmetz, S.K. (1980). Behind closed doors. Garden City, NY: Anchor/Doubleday.

Straus, M.A. (1979). Measuring intrafamily conflict and violence: The Conflict Tactics (CT) Scales. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 41, 75-88.

Straus, M.A. (1992). Children as witnesses to marital violence: A risk factor for lifelong problems among a nationally representative sample of American men and women. Report of the Twenty-Third Ross Roundtable. Columbus, OH: Ross Laboratories.

Straus, M.A., Hamby, S.L., Boney-McCoy, S. & Sugarman, D.B. (1996). The revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2): Development and preliminary psychometric data. Journal of Family Issues, 17, 283-316.

Thompson, M.P., Saltzman, L.E. & Johnson, H. (2003). A comparison of risk factors for intimate partner violence-related injury across two national surveys on violence against women. Violence Against Women, 9, 438-457.

United States Census Bureau (2000). 2000 Census of the Population. Retrieved from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/00000.html on September 4, 2003.

Wolfe, D.A., Crooks, C.V., Lee, V., McIntyre-Smith, A.& Jaffe, P.G. (2003). The effects of children’s exposure to domestic violence: A meta-analysis and critique.

Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6, 171-187.

Return to Summary